What other effects does sodium hyaluronate have besides moisturizing
1、 What is sodium hyaluronate
Hyaluronic acid, also known as hyaluronic acid or hyaluronic acid, is widely present in living organisms. Its common form is sodium hyaluronate, which is distributed throughout the human body. It is a high molecular weight straight chain mucopolysaccharide produced by the polymerization reaction of glucuronic acid and acetylaminohexose, and its chemical formula is (C14H20NO11Na). Sodium hyaluronate is a mucopolysaccharide substance, which is a white particle or powdered solid with water solubility. It is insoluble in ethanol, acetone, or ether and swells into a clear solution with viscous elasticity in water. It is a non Newtonian fluid with a high viscosity. Greater than physiological saline. Its molecular morphology and physicochemical properties exhibit variability with different molecular weights.
2、 The difference between sodium hyaluronate and hyaluronic acid
"Hyaluronic acid" and "sodium hyaluronate" often appear on the ingredient list of many skincare products, and I believe everyone is familiar with them. Sometimes they are also called "hyaluronic acid" and "sodium hyaluronate". What is the relationship and difference between them? Sodium hyaluronate ≠ Hyaluronic acid Sodium hyaluronate is the sodium salt of hyaluronic acid
Although sodium hyaluronate is commonly referred to as hyaluronic acid, these two substances are not the same. Hyaluronic acid (HA), also known as hyaluronic acid or hyaluronic acid, is widely present in living organisms. Its common form is sodium hyaluronate (SH), also known as sodium hyaluronate. However, the molecular weight of hydrolyzed sodium hyaluronate is smaller and can be absorbed by deep tissues in the human body. At the same time, sodium hyaluronate has immune anti-inflammatory, joint lubrication, beauty and beauty effects.
3、 Molecular weight size
The skincare function of sodium hyaluronate mainly depends on its molecular weight and dosage. Commonly used sodium hyaluronate includes:
◆ Ultra fine sodium hyaluronate (molecular weight less than 10000 Da)
◆ Small molecule sodium hyaluronate (molecular weight 10000 Da to 1 million Da)
◆ Medium molecular weight sodium hyaluronate (molecular weight 1 million Da to 1.8 million Da)
High molecular weight sodium hyaluronate (molecular weight>1.8 million Da)
A molecular weight of over 2 million Da is generally used for water storage, moisturizing, and UV protection; 1.2 to 1.6 million Da is the most commonly used and cost-effective sodium hyaluronate; 200000~400000 Da is to reduce its molecular weight by enzymolysis on the basis of conventional molecular weight, increase its fluidity, and make it play a better moisturizing effect in essence solution; Molecules with a molecular weight of less than 10000 Da can penetrate deep into the stratum corneum of the skin, achieving the function of deep hydration.
4、 The efficacy and effects of sodium hyaluronate
1) Moisturizing effect
The molecular structure of sodium hyaluronate is quite unique, and the hydrogen bonds between monosaccharides on some sub chains give it a rigid cylindrical spiral structure in spatial structure. There are a large number of hydroxyl groups on the inner side of the column, and water molecules can bind with hyaluronic acid molecules through polar and hydrogen bonds, allowing sodium hyaluronate to absorb and maintain a large amount of water molecules. The water retention function of sodium hyaluronate varies with different molecular weight sizes. In terms of its moisturizing effect in the skin, the molecular weight of ultra-fine sodium hyaluronate is extremely small, which can penetrate deep into the skin, enhance the internal moisture content of the skin, regulate skin metabolism, enhance the skin's luster and tenderness. High molecular weight sodium hyaluronate can form a transparent hydration film on the skin surface, which has the effect of preventing internal water loss. In addition, compared with other moisturizers, sodium hyaluronate has the highest moisture absorption in low humidity environments and the lowest in high humidity environments. This unique property can adapt to the skin's requirements for moisturizing cosmetics in different seasons and environmental humidity.
2) Beauty and antioxidant effects: Hyaluronic acid can effectively improve the survival microenvironment of skin cells, and can also induce cell proliferation and differentiation. For example, when the skin is exposed to sunlight, it turns red, black, and peels off. Hyaluronic acid can promote the proliferation and differentiation of epidermal cells, promote skin regeneration at the injured area, and penetrate into the human skin to help metabolize waste, accelerate cell renewal and metabolism, enhance skin resistance, and make the skin rejuvenated, achieving good beauty and beauty effects.
Hyaluronic acid has antioxidant properties, including reducing UV induced apoptosis and acid induced DNA damage. Both in vivo and in vitro, the hydroxyl functional groups of hyaluronic acid can absorb reactive oxygen species and scavenge free radicals.
3) Sodium hyaluronate can promote cell proliferation and has good pharmacological effects on wound healing. During the wound healing process, sodium hyaluronate can promote wound healing by promoting cell proliferation at the wound site and possibly participating in vascular regulation.
4) Improving inflammatory response
Sodium hyaluronate has certain anti-inflammatory activity and can effectively reduce the expression of inflammatory factors, thereby inhibiting the occurrence of related inflammation. In clinical practice, sodium hyaluronate is often used as a joint cavity injection drug for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Research has shown that after injecting sodium hyaluronate into the joint cavity, it can bind with glycoproteins in the joint cavity to form aggregates, thereby inhibiting the role of glycoproteins in inflammatory reactions, delaying the degeneration of joint cartilage, promoting the repair of cartilage damage, and reducing the occurrence of inflammatory reactions.
5) Regulating water balance and improving skin moisture. Hyaluronic acid is widely present in human skin tissues, and its molecular structure contains many hydrogen bonds, forming a rigid spiral column in space. There are a large number of hydroxyl groups on the inner side, which can bind a large number of water molecules. These water molecules are very firm in the column, and have good water absorption and safety.
The reason for the gradual decrease in skin moisture content is that as age increases, the activity of fibroblasts significantly decreases, and their secretion of hyaluronic acid also sharply decreases. Sodium hyaluronate, which is ingested externally, can be broken down into oligosaccharides by bacteria in the cecum and absorbed into the bloodstream or lymphatic system through the large intestine, increasing the activity of fibroblasts and causing them to secrete hyaluronic acid in the dermis, thereby maintaining a relatively stable moisture content in the skin.
6) Lubrication effect
Compared with normal joint cavities, inflamed joint cartilage will degrade, the concentration of sodium hyaluronate in joint synovial fluid will decrease, viscosity will decrease, and friction on the surface of cartilage will increase. Injecting sodium hyaluronate into the joint cavity can increase the content of sodium hyaluronate in joint synovial fluid, help establish short-term balance, improve joint lubrication, and reduce friction.
5、 The application of sodium hyaluronate
1) Cosmetics & personal care
Sodium hyaluronate contains multiple hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, and water molecules can combine with sodium hyaluronate through polar and hydrogen bonds, giving it strong water retention properties. Small molecular weight sodium hyaluronate can penetrate deep into the skin, enhance internal moisture content, regulate skin metabolism, enhance skin radiance and tenderness. High molecular weight sodium hyaluronate can form a transparent hydration film on the surface of the skin, which has the effect of preventing internal moisture loss. Compared with moisturizing agents such as glycerol and soluble collagen, sodium hyaluronate has better moisturizing effects and is lighter, thinner, and more breathable.
2) As the main component of extracellular matrix of animal connective tissue, sodium hyaluronate for medical beauty has high safety, and it has certain adhesive property after absorbing water. 1% sodium hyaluronate aqueous solution presents gel shape, which can be used as a filler in cosmetic surgery.
3) Sodium hyaluronate has a wide range of clinical applications due to its natural, biodegradable, and good absorption properties. Sodium hyaluronate has good viscoelasticity and can effectively prevent postoperative complications such as shallow anterior chamber complications and delayed blister leakage after trabeculectomy. It is widely used in ophthalmic surgeries such as cataract surgery, intraocular lens transplantation, and corneal transplantation.
4) In terms of food, hyaluronic acid is used in beauty to moisturize, enhance skin elasticity, and prevent skin aging. However, as a biomolecule, it is not easily absorbed externally. Instead, hyaluronic acid is degraded into small fractions (1-5) x105 for oral administration, which is absorbed in the intestine and degraded into monosaccharides in the body. This can increase the precursor required for the body to synthesize hyaluronic acid. At present, many developed countries have approved the use of sodium hyaluronate as a common food additive and have had some practical experience. In 2021, after adding sodium hyaluronate to the list of new resource food ingredients in China, it will be developed as a Food Additive in the general food industry.
Xi'an Hersoncare Bio-Tech Co., Ltd