How to take care of skin after sunburn
1.How to determine if you have sunburned?
1）You need to check if the skin on the sunburned area is red, and if the area feels hot and tingling. In severe cases, it can cause redness, swelling, peeling, and even scarring. There is often a clear boundary between sunburned erythema and non sunburned areas, which can also affect sleep.
2） The incidence of skin sunburn is relatively high, and UV protection cannot be ignored
Skin sunburn is a skin phototoxic reaction caused by excessive exposure to medium wave ultraviolet (UVB) with wavelengths ranging from 290 to 320um in sunlight. This may be due to prolonged UVB irradiation, which leads to excessive production of free radicals and oxidative byproducts, damaging the DNA, lipids, and proteins of skin cells. This in turn leads to inflammation and changes in immune and signaling pathways, promoting cellular aging and carcinogenesis.
3）Burn and pain are typical clinical manifestations of skin sunburn
A large dose of sunlight exposure may cause acute sunburn. It appears 2-7 hours after exposure to sunlight and reaches its peak at 12-24 hours. The main symptoms are erythema and swelling in the sun exposed area, and in severe cases, blisters and conscious burning pain. Generally, symptoms are not very severe and can be cured within 2-3 days, while severe cases may take about a week to recover. However, individual patients may experience conjunctival congestion and eyelid edema. When exposed to extensive sunlight, it can cause systemic symptoms such as fever, chills, headaches, fatigue, nausea, and overall discomfort, and even palpitations or shock; Some patients only experience changes in skin pigmentation after exposure to sunlight, resulting in immediate or delayed pigmentation and sunburn.
2.What principles should be followed for daily care of sunburn?
【 Cleaning 】 Simply rinse with clean water and avoid using washing products.
【Sunscreen】 It mainly uses shading sunscreen and generally does not apply sunscreen externally. When indoors, the curtains need to be closed. When going out, you can directly block the sunlight with umbrellas, sun hats, masks, clothing, etc. It is recommended to choose dark fabrics with a wider brim and a UFP>25/UA transmittance<5% for sun protection.
【Repair skin barrier】
The skin barrier is mainly maintained by the stratum corneum, which is mainly composed of glial cells and intercellular lipids. Ceramides are one of the important components of intercellular lipids. Ceramides in the stratum corneum, together with free fatty acids and cholesterol in an appropriate proportion, form a layered membrane that fills the entire intercellular space of the stratum corneum, playing an important role in maintaining a complete skin barrier. Scholars have shown that the lipid components in natural plants are important raw materials for skin barrier repair:
The lipid content of prickly ash oil is very similar to that of intercellular lipids in the stratum corneum, which can promote the secretion of ceramides by keratinocytes and repair the skin barrier;
Olive oil, sunflower seed oil, oat oil and other vegetable oils also have the function of repairing skin barriers;
Skin care products containing ceramides can also repair damaged skin barriers;
Topical skincare products containing squalene can reduce transdermal water loss, increase skin hydration, and repair skin barriers;
Glycerol, xylitol and other polyols, as well as vaseline, can reduce transdermal water loss and have the effects of repairing skin barriers and moisturizing;
Hyaluronic acid has functions such as repairing skin barriers, moisturizing, anti-inflammatory, regulating collagen synthesis, and promoting wound healing.
【Moisturizing】According to their different mechanisms of action, moisturizers can be divided into hygroscopics and sealants:Hygroscopic agents include small molecules such as glycerol, urea, allantoin, butanediol, propylene glycol, sodium lactate, sorbitol, etc. They can absorb water from the external environment and deep layers of the skin, and store the water in the stratum corneum, forming a water concentration gradient from the inside out to supplement the lost water emitted from the stratum corneum;
Sealants include plant active ingredients such as Vaseline, mineral oil, lanolin, fatty acids, and avocado, which can form a hydrophobic film on the surface of the skin, prevent or delay water loss through the skin, reduce transdermal water loss (TEWL), and further promote the hydration of water and stratum corneum from deep skin expansion.
【Anti inflammatory and Soothing】Portulaca oleracea can significantly reduce ear swelling in mice, lower tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), and has anti-inflammatory activity;
The flavonoids in chamomile have anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and anti angiogenic effects;
The active ingredients of Marigold can inhibit the release of TNF - α and have anti-inflammatory effects. Medicinal preparations are mainly used for skin problems and diseases such as burns, cuts, and dry skin;
Live spring water mainly contains active ingredients such as silica and selenium, and also has natural soothing and anti-inflammatory effects；
Scientific sun protection is an effective method for preventing skin sunburn. For sunburn, prevention is the most important.
Xi'an Hersoncare Bio-Tech Co., Ltd